Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1, Verse 34
आचार्याः पितरः पुत्राः तथैव च पितामहाः | मातुलाः श्वशुराः पौत्राः श्यालाः सम्बन्धिनस्तथा ||
ācāryāḥ pitaraḥ putrāḥ tathaiva ca pitāmahāḥ mātulāḥ śvaśurāḥ pautrāḥ śyālāḥ sambandhinas tathā
Teachers, fathers, sons, likewise grandfathers, maternal uncles, fathers-in-law, grandsons, brothers-in-law, and other relatives.
Arjuna names them specifically. Not 'the enemy'—ācāryāḥ (teachers who shaped you), pitaraḥ (fathers who raised you), putrāḥ (sons you raised), pitāmahāḥ (grandfathers who gave you history). Each word is a role, a history, memories and obligations. The verse teaches that specificity matters devastatingly. We use abstraction to make harm bearable: 'workforce reduction' instead of 'firing Sarah.' When we abstract people into categories, we can harm them. When we see them as ācāryāḥ, pitaraḥ—specific people with histories—harming them becomes recognizably harming us, harming what makes life meaningful.