Bhagavad Gita Chapter 1, Verse 47

सञ्जय उवाच | एवमुक्त्वार्जुनः संख्ये रथोपस्थ उपाविशत् | विसृज्य सशरं चापं शोकसंविग्नमानसः ||

sañjaya uvāca evam uktvārjunaḥ saṅkhye rathopastha upāviśat visṛjya sa-śaraṁ cāpaṁ śoka-saṁvigna-mānasaḥ

Sanjaya said: Having spoken thus on the battlefield, Arjuna cast aside his bow and arrows and sat down on the chariot seat, his mind overwhelmed with grief.

Sanjaya narrates this climactic moment to King Dhritarashtra. 'Evam uktvā'—having spoken all his reasoning. 'Visṛjya sa-śaraṁ cāpam'—casting aside bow and arrows, physical manifestation of complete surrender. 'Rathopastha upāviśat'—sat down on the chariot. He's done, won't fight. 'Śoka-saṁvigna-mānasaḥ'—mind overwhelmed with grief. This isn't confusion or ignorance—it's moral paralysis from seeing too clearly without a framework for right action. Arjuna has thought deeply, reasoned thoroughly, and arrived at complete inability to act. Chapter 1 ends here. The entire Gita is Krishna's response to this moment: when intelligence and moral sensitivity lead to paralysis, you need teaching beyond your own reasoning.