The Yoga of Knowledge and Renunciation of Action

Krishna describes different approaches to sacrifice. 'Daivam yajñam paryupāsate' (some worship sacrifice to gods) means some yogis approach through devotion—worshipping deities, making offerings to gods. 'Brahmāgnāv apare yajñaṁ yajñenaivopajuhvati' (others offer sacrifice by sacrifice into fire of Brahman) means others approach through knowledge—seeing everything as Brahman, offering through understanding rather than ritual. This verse shows the diversity of valid paths—different yogis need different approaches. The common element is sacrifice (yajna), but the method differs. This connects back to verse 4.11 (different people approach differently) and shows that both devotional and knowledge-based approaches to sacrifice are valid.